Christmas

                                                                     CHRISTMAS 

Christmas is the greatest festivals of Christians. It is an annual festival of nativity that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ that occurred about 20 centuries ago in Bethlehem, near the present day Jerusalem in Israel. The celebration started in about 350 AD when pop Julius I declared December 25 as the date of the nativity. Until then the date had been celebrated by the PAGANS as the birth of the unconquered sun. At Christmas they show great division and gratitude to their lord Jesus Christ whose birth in the world, for them, was the dawn of human freedom from sin .midnight mass is celebrated in churches and cathedrals. In Rome, Christians join the function with pope Benedict, who also delivers Christmas message to all.christmas is also abbreviated to xmas.in the modern time, it is celebrated with festivities. Worldwide there are different methods of celebration. . Christmas tree or Xmas tree is also unique component of the celebration. In English speaking countries, a conventional Christmas meal of turkey or goose, Christmas pudding, and mince pies are served joyfully The tree which is often a conifer and that originally comes from Germany is highly decorated and illuminated with multi-colored lights and ornaments. Joyful hymns known as carols are sung in groups around the xmas tree.christmas crackers are exploded and Christmas card are widely distributed with wishes and greetings .children are given gifts of various kinds. Santa Claus, a legendary jolly old man with white beared and red suit, is supposed to bring presents to children. Although Christmas is a religious festival, in the modern time it is developing as a secular one as well. In many countries the custom of lighting the tree, singing carols over it, and opening presents is celebrated on December 24, the Christmas Eve. Even non-Christians celebrate the time by sharing greetings and presents among themselves. In secular Nepal, December 25 is now a government holiday. It is a time of great commercial activity. There is a lot of shopping. Christmas is also a time of present-giving and family reunions. As in Hindu festival dashain, Christians away from their home get back and celebrate the festival together with their families. Many organize Christmas parties.

An Ideal Student

                                   

                                                                   AN IDEAL STUDENT

In the modern time, a student is a person who studies formally at school, collage or university. As a student one studies lesson, gains knowledge, and learns skill from various sources. Many distinctive qualities make an ideal student, who is different from ordinary students. An ideal student is ambitious and hard working. His quest for knowledge is very deep. He strives to get complete knowledge on any matter. He also tries to make the best use of every available source of knowledge. He respect and utilizes every important source of knowledge. Sincerity matters very much. An ideal student is very sincere in his duties. He pays full attention in the class and makes quick response .he realize his mistake and tries to learn from the same. He prepares his lessons well. But his not a bookish fellow .He uses a lot of references and reads newspaper, non textual books as well. He is regular to his school or college. He manages to make up the loss caused due to an avoidable absence. He takes learning as fun. He deserves outstanding results, fame and recognition. He is source of inspiration for all his friends. Beside textual knowledge, an ideal student learns many life skills. He takes part in games and sports. As well as other extra –curricular and creative activities .he wants to develop leadership. He also takes interest in politics and current affairs. He doesn’t boast upon knowledge. He knows that boasting is a hindrance in the process of learning. He thinks that there is no end to what one can learn .he is active in sharing what is learnt with others. He helps weak students and encourages them. An ideal student also tries to practice knowledge into real life. He always keeps his body, belongings and things neat and clean. He takes good care of his health. He never tells lies. He doesn’t hesitate to accept his weakness and faults. He is frank, cooperative and sociable. He is interested in community works. But he never keeps bad company. He respect parents and other seniors, and love juniors. He is receptive and responsive. He never wastes time. He goes to bed and wakes early. Thus an ideal student is endowed with all these virtues and is very different from others. He remains the glory of the institution and the community he belongs to. His bright future is secure.

Dashain

                                                                       DASHAIN

Dashain is the greatest festival of Nepali Hindus. Like other festivals, it’s also based on the lunar calendar and falls in the month of aswin or KARTIK.IT IS remark for 15 days from the new moon day (ghatasthapana) to the full moon day (kojagrat purnima) it is a festival of great delight, enthusiasm and rapture. The time of dashain is very fine .the weather is fair and mild. There is no more mud or dust .farmers are getting relief from their tiring seasons of plantations and weedings. Schools, colleges, and offices remain close. Dashain celebrates the inevitable victory of virtue over vice, of truth over untruth. the goddess  durga  known as the goddess  of victory is worshipped with great devotion ,during  the first nine days called NAWA DURGA.people stream  to the well maintained temples of the goddess durga  they make sacrifices of goats ,buffalos etc; the chandi, a story of victory achieved  by deities over devils in satya yuga,is recited for sacredness and sancity.it is believed that in treata  yuga , lord rama had secured victory after performing puja to goddess durga .the tenth day  known as Vijaya dashami is the main day of the vacation festival. On this day people received red tika, jamara and blessings from their parents and relatives. Red tika is the symbol of both fortune and victory in Hindu culture.dashain is also the time of family gatherings and feasts. People forget their differences and misunderstanding and visit their relatives. Those who are away from their home return during the time. People wear new clothes; eat sels, meat, chocolates and spices. For very poor people it is the rare occasions of good and delicious food. Traditional swings such as the bamboo supported linge pings are very popular.nepali lifestyle is maximum reflected by this festival.malshree song are played. media such as radio, televisions and newspaper broadcast or publish wishes and greetings both their own and the sponsored ones there is gun firing accompanied by flower showering  at tundhikhel  in Kathmandu. Its tradition for commoners to receive tika from the state head of the country. Many people celebrate the festival with great pomp and shows. Celebrations are often extravagant .widespread drinking and gambling often lead to quarrels and fights. For many poor people of Nepal dashain is rather a curse. It is very difficult for them to provide for the traditional celebrations.  the sacrifices offered to the goddess are very terrific .people fall victim to indigestion, food, poisoning and many others. Before dashain there are lot of crimes such as pick pocketing, robbery and loots. Market prices often tend to rise before and on the eve of the festival. Dashain is also the most waited festival for Hindus.

Child Rights

                                                                    

  Child rights

All people from their birth to the age of puberty are children. They are all delicate, innocent and dependent. They are not capable of making right decision .they need good support from their family and society. Children inhabited an important portion of every population. The future of the nation highly depends upon a level of care being provided to its children who are sensitive and receptive. Actually they are the future builders of their countries and everyone has responsibility to contribute to their all-round development. The UN convention on the rights of the child 1989 has recognized various rights for the, development, protection of children. According to it, all children have a right to name and nationality and care within a family, with good health care. Children also have a right to be protected from mistreatment or exploitation and to special provision if they are handicapped or orphans. Finally they have right to freedom of expression, thought conscience and religion. Most countries of the world including Nepal have signed the UN convention expressing their commitment to protect and promote the various rights of their children as laid down in it. But situation of children of the world is not good. Child labour still continues to remain a serious world problem. The UN estimates have started that by the year 2000 there were 375 million child laborers worldwide. Most of them are in underdeveloped countries in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Most child labourer’s work long hours for small wages and are unable to have any education and health care. Many are victims of sexual abuse as well.nepal alone has over 2 million child laborers who fulfill about 15% of the total workforce of the country. They work in factories and in farms. In various conditions of deprivation and danger. Some are even bonded as slaves. Most of these child laborers are vulnerable to physical and mental torture .thousands  of orphans, homeless and deserted  children are living in the street .even  those  few sheltered  in child centers  are not secure and well-cared.to worsen the situation ,every year ,thousand of girls are trafficked  to India where they are serve for prostitutes. some were used as militants. Also many of the children living with their parents are diseased. The government has the main responsibility of guaranteeing the rights of all children. There are several acts and regulations such as the children act 2048. Many NGO’S and INGO’S have programmers to support the needy children .but our enforcement has always remained poor. Poverty, ignorance and insincere leadership stand as great challenges. Parents should also know the importance of proper childcare. We all have parts to play for shaping the future of our children in a proper way.

 

Precious Water

PRECIOUS WATER

            Like air, water is another most important thing we need for survive. We must thank god because there is plenty of water as three forth of earth’s surface is covered with water. This is only a general thing as not all places on earth are having enough precious water. Thou rivers are bringing water from a lakes; they may not fit for drinking from the health point. Most of this water may contain minerals as well as organics impurities and bacteria that cause Cholera and Typhoid. So, for precious water to make potable they must be treated before being supplied to a populations.

It requires cost or investment to supply treating water to town or city. The water has to be filtered and then chlorinated and pumped to a storage tanks from where it is distributed through pipes. So it means one has buying or paying for water comes from a tap.

There are many ways in which water is being wasted, for example a tap may become leak, and where by such precious water may be spilled. Sometimes the tap may be open and the water running out and nobody would come to stop it. Plumbing should be done from time to time to all the damage taps, to save precious water.

Major part of the water is used by bathing, cleaning and washing. In these needs water must be prudently used. Shower need to be kept closed while applying soap to body and one need not be a Rhino to be bath for hours on end. Wastage of water should be stop while washing and cleaning. One must bear in mind that when one wastes water he is depriving another of his share of water.

Due to rapid industrialization good water is get scarcer in days to come. So, the industrial people must feel it their duty not to add to water pollution, as is increase scarcity of pure water. This is all of our duty to save such precious water.

 

Road Safety

ROAD SAFETY

A Road accident is rising as a big problem as many people are involved in it every day. So, it becomes important for us to learn to use roads properly and safely. No one would like to be involved in an accident. So, knowledge about road safety is must.

Now a days roads are very busy therefore we should cross it carefully. Using pedestrian crossing or an overhead bridge is safe whenever one is available. Cross a road in hurry is like inviting problem. If there is no crossing available then we must look carefully right and left before crossing a road. Road safety should be maintained while crossing.

Some of us take bus. We should not try to get on or off a bus while it’s still in a motion. Once I tried to get on moving bus, it dragged me a short distance but luckily escaped only with some minor cuts on my legs. Also we must not move here and there while in the bus.

One must concern about road safety while using a bicycle, otherwise it can be dangerous too. We must not cycle too fat out to the middle of the road and must pay attention. Road safety with bicycle can also be done by putting the brakes, lights etc. in good condition.

These are some things we can do to avoid accidents. It is necessary to stay alert all time while using the roads. We must be alert about what is happening around us. By the way we can avoid danger on a road. Road safety is very much up to how we use roads. So, use them carefully to be able to use them for a long time. By avoiding such kinds of accidents, we can make our life tension free and happy.

Festivals of Nepal

Festivals of Nepal

                Nepal is a country surrounded by two big nations India and China, therefore it is called a land lock country famous for mountains, temples, architecture and for its great festivals.

There are people of different casts live in Nepal with their various cultures and festivals. The Religion of the most of the people of Nepal is Hindu. Similarly other religions like Buddhist, Christians and Muslims are also there.

Talking about the festivals of Nepal, Dashain is the biggest festival in which people gets tika and blessing from their elders. Dashain is celebrates for 10 days. In previous days many animals like goats and ducks were sacrificed in Dashain but in present such trends are decreasing. Dashain is also celebrates by flying kites and playing cards.

Like dashain, Tihar is next big festival in Nepal, which is also known as festival of lights. People worship goddess Laxmi, and cow in this festival and takes blessing from their sisters.Mha puja is another interesting part of Tihar, means worship of one’s own body.

Besides these other festivals of Nepal includes Indra jatra in which lord Indra a god of rain is worshiped, also a living goddess Kumari. Kumari is a living goddess of Nepal famous around the world.

Machindra Nath jatra is a next festival where people makes a huge 7 steps chariot and a statue of god Machindra puts in it then pull the chariot to different places of the city. This festival ends with Bhoto jatra.

Christians as well as people from other religions celebrates Christmas by lighting and various gifts. Santa clause is a icon for this festival.

Newar community of Nepal has much more festivals  than other communities of Nepal. Newars are famous for their culture and festivals like.

Yomari punhi, Bhimsen jatra, Matya, Dipankha, Bahal puja, Basundhara puja, Gatha mangal and many more.

Tourism

  

                                        TOURISM

Tourism  plays an important role in promoting local culture and traditions.  The word tourism was first time in the oxford dictionary in 1811. This release   that the word  tourism  did not appear  in the English language  until the yearly 19^th century , and the word tour  was more closely  associated with the idea of the voyage or peregrination or a circuit .then with the idea of an  individual being temporarily  away from home for pleasure purpose a significant feature of the use  of the word tourist came into being. In Sanskrit literature there is found different terms for tourism derived from the root atan, which mean leaving home for some time to other places. Tourism is not new phenomenon for Hindus. They had different types of tourism known as  deshatan(going out to other countries primarily  for economic gain)    and    tirthatan  (going  to the places of religious  importance) paryatan  (going out for pleasure and knowledge ) The  economist and other social sciencetist that make forecasts concerning the nature of human  society  in the future seem to indicate that all modern countries are progressing  quite rapidly towards life styles which favor the growth and development of tourism  .for example , factors such as increased real personal income , technological improvements  and manufacturing has resulted  in more  productivity per worker, also increase  in free time with a decrease in the  work week ,predictions for longer vacations in most industry,  bigger  levels  of education, the development of vacation leaves for person outside the field of education growth of interest in cultural matters that include appreciation of the cultures of other peoples and other places, technological  development  such as large and capacitors subsonic  aircraft  deriving  more comfort  and at least  stable , of not decreasing  fares, improvements in communications ,and awareness of other countries  and place etc .favor the growth of  travel and tourism .the derived tourism comprises institutions of traveling ,lodging ,boarding and shopping . If we talk about leisure time only, in the western world and more in the united state the amount of leisure time available to an individual has in general, increased since World War 2.  the work week has  decreased  from sixty hours to forty- eight hours , then  to forty hours per week , and for some occupations ,the work  week in 1988 already stands at only thirty to twenty hours .tourism is often  considered  as the” golden goose that lays the golden egg”-a source of income and stimulus  for more employment .

                            

Health education

HEALTH EDUCATION

Different health educators defined the health education in their own views a common definition of health education is very difficult to find, however, a few statements concerning the definition of health education are given below:

 1: Health education is a continuous process which we have to follow in every steps of our life

2: Health education is concerned with bringing changes in health knowledge, behaviors and attitude of individuals.

It is clear that health education is an educational process that brings the changes in health knowledge attitude and behavior of an individual, family, community and nation for happier and healthier life. Also talking about objectives of health education world health organization has listed the objectives of health education as

 follows:

   1: To make good health as an asset valued by the community

   2: To teach people how to achieve good health                                                                

   3:  To encourage them to achieve good health by their action and effort

  

There are many scope of health education also. the places  where health education  can take place are the scope of health education  scope of health education  is broadened  as its importance is realized , in the past,  the scope of health education was only limited  in the home , school and community. Now a      days, the relationships of health education with other subjects and fields are also considered as its scope. There are also many needs and importance of health education it teaches us about good health  habit  by developing  positive attitude  towards the benefits of being healthy , and   also teaches about different  communicable diseases and their preventive  measures to maintain good health .it helps to combat  traditional belief  and superstition of health  practices   it also teaches  us to make people  aware of the scientific knowledge and  skill on health by  optimum  use of  available  health services. It teaches us how to improve our hygiene and cleanliness as well as health of community members.                           

 

INTRODUCTION TO INSURANCE

In our daily life we are exposed to different kinds of risks. Insurance can be a important tool to overcome with such risks and minimize the effect of losses.though insurance doesn't prevent from
happening unwanted event or accident but also insurance protect from the loss by compensating the nature of lost. The amount of money a insurance company take from its client  for risk coverage is called premium.
such premium should be paid to insurance company for the particular period of time.seeing the  policy nature.There are different types of insurance  policies in today's modern world .life , health, fire,vehicle and marine are some of the useful insurance policies .among there life insurance is the most popular , which provides security against death and old age .The nominee or family will get the
fired amount after the persons death.
Health insurance protects from high medical care costs .It is a contract with insurance company where we buy a plan or policy. and the company agree to pay expenses of a medical care when needed.In business large properties are employed and a little negligence may turn property into ashes .By the help of  insurance policy a business person can be sure of his earning because a insurance company will pay fined amount for his damage ,in other hand insurance provides peace of mind by removing tension ,fear, maturity and future uncertainly due to various policies insurance provides strong hand and mind with protection against loss which increases the economic growth of the country.

Introduction to health

Add caption

Health is like the main condition of our body and mind. some of the people also maintained and improve their health themselves, and get rid of many harm full disease.as we are in the 21st century lots  of human being are now conscious and get serious about their health. one thing we do not agree that the importance of our good health is comes out under of our healthy diet.. today there are lots of  disease roaming around the circle of our environment which easily harms the human beings. today  exercise and healthy diet is similar  with  our daily lifestyle we also don't ignore that peoples  good health is related with their happiness in their life's and its definitely true.as we know we describe it  as mental  and  physical  health.  talking about physical  it comes out under our recipes including calories and nutrients and well fitness.having a mental illness is describe with ouremotions and behaviour.  there are large number of poor people from different countries who are suffering from lots of sickness.still many of them are so far from the proper treatment .many people are being modernize
in this generation.but  many of them are being haunted by many kinds of harmful disease.the world health organization (who)has defined health as,a state of complete physical and mentally free, the health does not mean to be free from disease but also to be physically and mentally alert.
.many of the people want to get out from there illness pain and stretches.there are many ways to get free  from these things ,in my opinion we all have to get the information about it  and tips also,which is related for all ages cause, good health is one of the basic needs of our life.many of the people want to get out from there illness pain and stretches ,and  the  one of the great solution  is yoga also .it  helps us to get out from both of our  physical and mental pressure. yoga is one of the great exercise for all ages. and its the best exercise in this generation. now a days adult also having the major problem about these things .many of them are mentally harmed.and depressed.many studies have shown  that high level of mentally pressure is harming the adults more. today the meaning of health is rising more.  health is an integration of multidimensional characteristics of the humans health is the quality of life that enables the individual to live most and serve the best health is a dynamic  process in which there is normal functioning of the physical and  mental aspects without  disturbance of any microorganism of external  environment.