Armed Revolution 2007

                            

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                                        ARMED REVOLUTION 2007

Starting from bs 1903 Nepal was ruled by rana autocrats for 104 years .throughout  the regime ,the hereditary  prime ministers exercised absolute power and lived in indecent luxury at the country’s expense .public freedom, education and  outside influence were dreadfully suppressed .they brought some reforms either for enlarging their luxury or to sustain  their  autocracy. Right from the very beginning ordinary people had developed hatred distaste for the system. learned and politically conscious  people could never approve of the ranarchy .they knew that it was not an easy task to over throw  the dictatorship which was strongly backed by the British east India  company .great  public awakening  was needed before and effective move was taken against the tyranny.

Arya  samaj , gorkha league , nagrik adhikar samiti, charka movement and mahabir school were the early associations established for rousing public awareness for  anti-rana movement .but the rana’s would take harsh measures to suppress  the attempts. While Indian freedom fighting movement was spreading in India, Nepalese democrats founded a party called the praja parishadin BS 1993.dissatisfied with his position, king tribhuwan went in favor of the move. The party men were secretly scattering pamphlets against the ranas.but the secrecy was soon disclosed and many of the leaders were caught and some such as sukraraj shastri and dharmabhakta mathema were executed on the charge of treason.

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Towards the end of World War 2, the movement in India was gaining ground. There were worldwide waves of changes. In 1947 India obtained independence from Britain. a strong foundation of the rana rule had collapsed.nepalese people were getting more receptive to the developments. Several leaders having participated in the Indian struggle come back and joined the anti-rana activities.  At the beginning of the year BS 2006, the Nepal communist party had been founded. The Nepali national congress and the Nepali democratic congress merged into the Nepali congress at the fall of the same year. Next year the bairganiya conference of the party passed a resolution to launch a violent revolution in the country to overthrow the ranas autocracy. The party chairman matrika Prasad koirala was chosen the commander. The congress party would win sympathy both from Indian national government and king tribhuwan now less friendly to Prime Minister Mohan shumsher.

The congress party started funding in Nepal and india.it was organizing and army of its own called the liberation army. On 21 kartik, 2007, the reigning king along with most family members left the palace and asks for asylum at the Indian embassy. The other day mohan shumsher placed the king’s minor grandson gyanendra on the throne .but this was not recognized by India. On 26^th the king flew to New Delhi where he was warmly received by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.

The liberation army made major attacks along the border areas. Places such as birgunj and bhairahawa were captured. Gradually they were spreading influence through much of the country.biratnagar, palpa, dang, jajarkot, kailali, kanchanpur and gorkha also fell in their hands. The situation had been worsening in the country. Realizing that the revolution was out of his control, Mohan shumsher sent his delegate’s kaisher shumsher and bijay shumsher to India for talk. Similar efforts earlier had been inconclusive. This time the tripartite Delhi compromise  was signed by the rana delegates, the nepali congress and king tribhuwan  under an  active mediation of the Indian government on falgun 1.the king with his position fully restored  return and  on falgun 7,  he  gave and address  to the people declaring  that a rana- congress coalition government was formed, general  amnesty was offered to the political prisoners  and election  to constituent  assembly  would  be held in a year. The event is marked as the event of democracy in the country .but ironically  the rana  prime minister  mohan shumsher was accepted  as the head of the democratic government  that ran for less than a year.